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section ⅰuse of english read the following text. choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark a， b， c or d on answer sheet 1. （10 points） 1LN"$ EEPGoBXpE 07 [ 本 资 料 来 源 于 贵 州 学 习 网 考研一方考研英语 http://Www.gzU521.com ] 1LN"$ EEPGoBXpE 07 in october 2002， goldman sachs and deutsche bank 1 a new electronic market for economic indices that2substantial economic risks， such as nonfarm payroll （a measure of job availability） and retail sales. this new market was made possible by a3rating technology， developed by longitude， a new york company providing software for financial markets，4the parimutuel digital call auction. this is “digital”5of a digital option： i.e.， it pays out only if an underlying index lies in a narrow， discrete range. in effect， longitude has created a horse race， where each “horse” wins if and6the specified index falls in a specified range. by creating horses for every possible7of the index， and allowing people to bet8any number of runners， the company has produced a liquid integrated electronic market for a wide array of options on economic indices. ten years ago it was9impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. now， mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and to10the risk in their portfolios. this has led to a proliferation of types of home loan， some of 11 have improved risk-management characteristics. we are also beginning to see new kinds of12for homes， which will make it possible to protect the value of13， for most people， is the single most important14of their wealth. the yale university-neighbourhood reinvestment corporation programme， 15 last year in the city of syracuse， in new york state， may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that16sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the17of the policy. electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city， already begun by city index and ig index in britain and now18developed in the united states， will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies. these examples are not impressive successes yet. but they19as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that20will beset us in coming years. 1. [a] created [b] generated [c] initiated [d] originated 2. [a] reproduce [b] restore [c] represent [d] resume 3. [a] sophisticated [b] expensive [c] available [d] established 4. [a] made [b] called [c] asked [d] read 5. [a] in the course [b] in the event [c] in the light [d] in the sense 6. [a] when [b] until [c] now that [d] only if 7. [a] extent [b] range [c] line [d] area 8. [a] for [b] in [c] on [d] up 9. [a] virtually [b] admittedly [c] absolutely [d] originally 10. [a] assume [b] assess [c] dismiss [d] erase 11. [a] them [b] which [c] that [d] whom 12. [a] management [b] insurance [c] security [d] technology 13. [a] what [b] those [c] where [d] it 14. [a] guarantee [b] protection[c] component [d] source 15. [a] secured [b] sponsored [c] released [d] launched&eC/Mc 7Ds ?e ~00!O[ 此文转贴于我的学习网考研一方考研英语 http://www.Gzu521.com]&eC/Mc 7Ds ?e ~00!O 16. [a] look to [b] set up [c] lay down [d] rely on 17. [a] terms [b] specifications [c] concepts [d] consequences 18. [a] is [b] being [c] been [d] are 19. [a] emerge [b] appear [c] stand [d] arise 20. [a] somehow [b] anyway [c] otherwise [d] thereby section ⅱreading comprehension part a directions： read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a， b， c or d. mark your answers on anwer sheet 1. （40 points） text 1 the study of philosophies should make our own ideas flexible. we are all of us apt to take certain general ideas for granted， and call them common sense. we should learn that other people have held quite different ideas， and that our own have started as very original guesses of philosophers. [an error occurred while processing this directive] but if our descendants know the answers to these questions and others that perplex us today， there will still be one field of which they do not know， namely the future. however exact our science， we cannot know it as we know the past. philosophy may be described as argument about things of which we are ignorant. and where science gives us a hope of knowledge it is often reasonable to suspend judgment. that is one reason why marx and engels quite rightly wrote to many philosophical problems that interested their contemporaries. but we have got to prepare for the future， and we cannot do so rationally without some philosophy. some people say we have only got to do the duties revealed in the past and laid down by religion， and god will look after the future. other say that the world is a machine and the course of future events is certain， whatever efforts we may make. marxists say that the future depends on ourselves， even though we are part of the historical process. this philosophical view certainly does inspire people to very great achievements. whether it is true or not， it is powerful guide to action we need a philosophy， then， to help us to tackle the future. agnosticism easily BEComes an excuse for laziness and conservatism. whether we adopt marxism or any other philosophy， we cannot understand it without knowing something of how it developed. that is why knowledge of the history of philosophy is important to marxists， even during the present critical days. 21. what is the main idea of this passage？ [a] the main idea of this passage is the argument whether philosophy will ultimately be solved by science or not. [b] the importance of learning philosophies， especially the history of philosophy. [c] the difference between philosophy and science. [d] a discuss about how to set a proper attitude towards future. 22. the example of what plato thought in the passage shows that [a] the development of science really can solve a great many of the problems on which philosophers still argue [b] plato knew nothing about physics [c] the scientists have achieved a lot in terms of light theory [d] different people have different ways of perception 23. what field can our descendants know？ [a] the origin of human beings [b] some questions that perplex us today. [c] many philosophical problems which marx and engels wrote rather little. [d] the future.=+t+HEBm8*3s:k=#[本_文_来_源_于_我_的_学_习_网考研一方考研英语 http://Www.GZU521.Com ]=+t+HEBm8*3s:k=# 24. how many kinds of ideas are there about the future？ [a] two [b] three [c] four [d] five 25. what are the functions of studying philosophies mentioned in the passage？ [a] the study of philosophies would make our own idea flexible. [b] the study of philosophies would help prepare us for the future and guide our actions. [c] the study of philosophies would enable us to understand how things develop as to better tackle the future. [d] all of the above. text 2 this line of inquiry did not begin until earlier this month—more than three months after the accident—because there were “too many emotions， too many egos，” said retired adm. harold gehman， chairman of the columbia accident investigation board. [an error occurred while processing this directive] gehman told reporters after the hearing that answers to these important questions could have enormous impact， since they could place in a different context nasa’s decisions against more aggressively checking possible wing damage in the days before columbia’s fatal return. investigators believe breakaway insulating foam damaged part of columbia’s wing shortly after liftoff， allowing superheated air to penetrate the wing during its fiery reentry on feb.1， melt it from inside. among those decisions was the choice by nasa’s senior shuttle managers and administrators to reject offers of satellite images of possible damage to columbia’s left wing before the accident. the subject dominated the early part of wednesday’s hearing. gehman complained managers and administrators “missed signals” when they rejected those offers for images， a pointedly harsh assessment of the space agency’s inaction during the 16day shuttle mission. “we will attempt to pin this issue down in our report， but there were a number of bureaucratic and administrative missed signals here，” gehman told senators. “we’re not quite so happy with the process.” the investigative board already had recommended that nasa push for better coordination between the space agency and military Offices in charge of satellites and telescopes. the u.s. national imagery and mapping agency in march agreed to regularly capture detailed satellite images of space shuttles in orbit. still， gehman said it was unclear whether even images from america’s most sophisticated spy satellites might have detected on columbia’s wing any damage， which gehman said could have been as small as two inches square. the precise capabilities of such satellites proved to be a sensitive topic during the senate hearing. 26.this text is most probably taken from an article entitled “”。 [a] gehman’s comments on columbia accident [b] an inquiry into columbia accident [c] shedding light on shuttle’s safety [d] nasa’s problems being exposed 27.the word “they” in the sentence “since they could place” （para.3） denotes [a] “damages”[b] “answers”[c] “decisions”[d] “questions” 28.according to the writer， what may chiefly be responsible for the columbia accident？ [a] a supposed damage to the left wing of the spacecraft. [b] the deliberate rejection of satellite images. [c] a sense of sentiment and arrogance involved. [d] the space agency’s inaction during its mission. 29.as mentioned in the text， the wednesday’s hearing revolved aroundb:\Q[ d8STk d(sI5ab [此资料转贴于学习网考研一方考研英语 ]http://www.Gzu521.Comb:\Q[ d8STk d(sI5ab [a] the precise capabilities of spy satellites in orbit [b] nasa’s indecisions against checking upon the columbia [c] nasa’s rejection of satellite images offered [d] the coordination between nasa and military offices 30.which of the following can best describe gehman’s attitude towards satellite images？ [a] apprehensive. [b] credulous. [c] indifferent. [d] cautious. |
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