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part iv translation (30 points) section a e-c translation (15 points) directions; read the following passage carefully aid translate it into good chinese. write your translation on the answer sheet. translating versus interpreting some problems arise because people think of translating and interpreting as being two entirely different kinds of operations, one written and the other spoken. but both are part of the same act of producing in a receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source text, whether spoken or written. the significant differences are the speed with which an interpreter must make decisions, the enormous tension to keep up with the rapid flow of spoken language, the background knowledge necessary for instant recall, and the willingness to produce something that may not be "perfect." in fact, no interpretation is ever perfect. interpreting can, however, be an important plus for a translator, because it immediately forces him or her to be up to date with respect to rapid developments within any discipline, and it highlights the fact that listening to one language and speaking in another is a largely automatic process, something that some translators have faired to recognize. at the former maurice thorez institute of foreign languages in moscow, persons who had already demonstrated exceptional ability as translators could also be tested for their possible ability to act as professional interpreters. the test consisted of an assigned topic, one minute to prepare, and one minute to speak. the reason for this type of testing was the conviction that interpreting, whether consecutive or simultaneous, depended more on an ability to organize information than on determining meaning. section b c-e translation (15 points) directions: read the following passage carefully and translate it into good english. write your translation on the answer sheet. 由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称以易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。 part v composition (20 points) directions: write on your answer sheet a 500-word essay on the topic. topic: reading for knowledge, or for fun? |
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