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　　the elephants at the art academies in southeast asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip their trunks .initially， the keeper guides the elephant‘s trunk over the canvas （画布）and offers rewards for good performance.

　　“it only takes a few hours to a day to teach them，”said mia fineman ， an art historian whose book when elephants paint is an illustrated history of the asian elephant art and conservation project.

　　11.ruby was an asian elephant .

　　a. who was sold for a price as high as 5，000

　　b. who was famous for being the first painting elephant

　　c. whose paintings sold for as high as 5，000

　　d. who started painting in the late 1980s

　　12.why did ruby start painting according to dick george？

　　a. BECause she was seven years old.

　　b. because she was the first to come to the zoo.

　　c. because she learned a lot from the goat and the chickens.

　　12.how did ruby paint at the very beginning？

　　a. she used a stick to draw in the dirt.

　　b. she spent much time in the dirt.

　　c. she stimulated herself every day.

　　d. she painted with her keeper‘s art supplies.

　　14.to encourage the elephants to paint well， the keeper .

　　a. bought them a lot of art supplies:.[,U/[ 此文转贴于我的学习网考研一方工程硕士 http://www.Gzu521.com]:.[,U/

　　b. made them excited at the beginning

　　c. taught them to hold a paintbrush with their trunks

　　d. reinforced the desired behaviors with rewards

　　15.when elephants paint is a book

　　a. on the history of arts

　　b. about the painting elephants in asia

　　c. explaining how to teach elephants to paint

　　d. chiefly theorizing about elephant art

　　questions 16-20 are based on the following passage：

　　while it is true that americans believe climbing the educational ladder leads to success， they are less certain that intellectual achievement is the only important factor leading to success . a competitive personality is seen as important to success ， especially in men . the development of social and political skills are also considered to be very important.

　　to help americans develop these other important skills ， schools have added a large number of extracurricular （课程外） activities to daily life at school . this is especially true of high schools and colleges and extends down into elementary schools as well .

　　athletics ， frequently called“competitive sports ，”are perhaps the most important in teaching students ， particularly boys ，the“winning spirit ，>