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access list 1-99 ip standard 100-199 ip extended 200-299 protocol type code 300-399 decnet access list 400-499 xns standard access 500-599 xns extended access 600-699 appletalk 700-799 48 bit mac address 800-899 ipx 900-999 ipx extended 1000-1099 ipx sap 1100-1199 extended 48 bit mac address 1200-1299 ipx summary address port numbers tcp=6 udp=17 Ftp=21 telnet=23 smtp=25 dns=53 tftp=69 snmp=161 novel ipx frame type interface novell frame type CISCO keyword ethernet ethernet 802.3 and netware 3.11 novell ether ipx ethernet encapsulation ethernet 802.2 and netware 3.12 sap ethernet ii arpa, decnet and supports tcp/ip, ipx and upper layers ethernet snap snap, appletalk, ipx, and tcp/ip token ring token ring 802. sap token ring_snap snap fddi fddi snap snap fddi 802.2 sap fddi raw novell-fddi dod model ip dod protocol application, presentation, session process application telnet, ftp, lpd, snmp, tftp, smtp, nfs, x window transport host to host tcp, udp network internet icmp, bootp, arp, rarp, ip data link network access ethernet, fast ethernet, token ring, fddi ipx protocl stack: application, presentation, session ?/span> rip, sap, ncp, nlsp, etc… transport ?/span> ipx, spx network ?/span> ipx data link ?/span> odl open data link physical ?/span> whatever osi model: transport is tcp segments network is ip packets/datagrams data link is ethernet frames physical is bits the five steps to encapsulation: 1. build the data 2. package data for end-to-end transport (segments transport subsystem) 3. append network address in header (data is put into a packet or datagram) network 4. append local address in data link header (must be put into a frame or packet) data 5. convert to bits for transmission 1 and 0 physical data > segment > packet > frame > bits data encapsulation method 1. user information is converted to data for transmission on the network. 2. data is converted to segments and packaged with control information for a reliable connection. 3. segments are encapsulated with a network header and converted to packets or datagrams, which specify the source and destination logical addresses. 4. packets, or datagrams, are converted to frames to allow a connection over an interface to the network. 5. frames are converted to bits with some clocking functions to allow transmission a medium. key terms: bits: the physical layer takes the binary data down from the data link layer and converts the 1's and 0's to a digital signal to be sent out over the physical topological. frames: these house the packets, or datagrams, handled down from the network layer to be delivered to a device on a lan. packets: sometimes called datagrams, these house the segments handed down the transport layer to be routed through an internetwork. segments: defined at the transport layer, these are part of a data stream that is handed down from the upper layers to be transmitted to a destination device. ethernet frame: preamble, da, sa, type, data, fcs osi model: application layer 7file, print, message, database, and applications. determines availability of the target host. www, email, ftp, telnet, edi, quake presentation layer 6 text and data formatting, data encryption, compression, and translation services determines the syntax of the data transfer. pict, tiff, jpeg, midi, mpeg, quicktime, ebcdic and ascii session layer 5 service requests, dialog control, coordinates the communications, establishes, manages, and terminates communication sessions between applications. offers full or half-duplex define and group formatted data, and offers some session recovery or checkpoint mechanisms between the applications coordinated between the hosts. nfs, sql, rpc, x windows, asp (appletalk session protocol), dna scp (digital whatzit)  |
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