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过去我们曾经认为有些不可数名词可转化为可数名词,其实,那并不是“转化”的问题,而是这个名词本身就兼有不可数和可数两种属性,而这两种属性下,其词义自然就有不同。 例:every year the school consumes lots of ____ to print examination _______. a. paper; papers b. paper; paper c. papers; papers d papers; paper 答案a。paper做不可数名词是“纸张”的意思,而做可数名词是“试卷、报纸、文件”的意思。 因此,识记名词首先要看分类属性,然后再记词义。在理解和把握名词的“数”时,还要注意下面几个问题: 1.“绝对的”不可数名词 英语中,有些不可数名词,如:fun,proGREss等,是“从一而终”的,也就是说,在任何情况下都不能用不定冠词(a/an)和数词限定。 例一:_____ fun it is to jump into a pool or go swimming in summer! a. what a b. how c. how a d. what 答案d。本题容易误选a。 例二:but back then, it was a huge ____ , especially when compared with the car mobile phones that had been in use since the 1940s. a. progress b. mistake c. advancement d. failure 答案c。本题容易误选a。 2.具体化了的不可数名词 属于不可数名词的有些抽象名词,可以具体化。这时,它的前面要用不定冠词修饰。如: rain(雨)一a heavy rain(一场大雨), swim(游泳)一have a swim(去游泳) knowledge(知识)一a good knowledge of french(对法语很好的了解和熟悉) ([FV'Es'L35d*spG~\[ 本_资_料_来_源_于_贵_州_学_习_网 高考频道高考英语 Http://wwW.gzU521.coM )([FV'Es'L35d*spG~\ 例 many people agree that ___ knowledge of english is a must in ___ international trade today. a.a; / b.the; an c.the; the d./; the 答案a。作为抽象名词的knowledge,在这里表示“知道;熟悉”,被具体化了。 3.名词身有两性,即兼有可数和不可数性 英语里有很多名词既可以是可数的,又可以是不可数的。有时意思相近,但更多的是语义大相径庭。 例一:the teacher asked his students to help the old lady to do some housework and they made a good _____ of it. a. job b. work c. task d. justice 答案a。本题容易误选b。work当“工作”“活儿”讲时,是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词来限定。 例二:he gained his______ by printing _______of famous writers. a.wealth; work b.wealths; works c.wealths; work d.wealth; works 答案d。wealth 指“财富”,是不可数名词;复数形式的works,指文学、艺术作品。 例三:mr. johnson used to work in the ___ department of the chemical ____. a. sale; work b. sales; work c. sales; works d. sale; works 答案c。复数形式的works可以指工厂(factory)。the chemical works指化工厂。 例四:____ came that they had ___ with each other for the property division. a. words; word b. word; word c. word; words d. words; words 答案c。不可数形式的word指的是“消息”,而可数的word的复数形式在这里指“争吵”。 |
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