高考英语辅导：情态动词考查热点透视 Gzu521.com我的学习网

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高考英语辅导：情态动词考查热点透视

高考英语点击：次发布时间：2005-12-12 【字体：大中小】来源：山东籍万杰

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情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，2005年全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。

一、情态动词表推测 T?di4IC0HT XcY [ 本资料来源于贵州学习网高考频道高考英语 http://Www.gzU521.com ] T?di4IC0HT XcY

1. 肯定的推测一般用must, should, may（might）或could（不用can），其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may（might），could的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。

①helen _______ go on the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet. （2005年安徽卷）

a. shall b. must

c. may d. can

②—i’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.

—it ___ harry’s. he always wears green. （2005年广东卷）

a. has to be b. will be

c. mustn’t be d. could be

③i have lost one of my gloves. i _______ it somewhere.（2005年北京春季卷）

a. must drop

b. must have dropped

c. must be dropping

d. must have been dropped

④if i ____ plan to do anything i wanted to ,i’d like to go to tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （2005年湖北卷）

a. would b. could

c. had to d. ought to

key: c d b b

2. 否定推测分为两种情况：

1）语气不很肯定时，常用may not, might not或could not，译为“可能不”、“也许不”。HE%vCV 2p]{%ug[ 此文转贴于我的学习网高考频道高考英语 http://www.Gzu521.com]HE%vCV 2p]{%ug

you might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture. （2004年上海春季卷）

a. must b. shall

c. may d. need

key： c

2）否定语气较强时，则用can’t，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。

①—do you know where david is? i couldn’t find him anywhere.

—well. he ______ have gone far——his coat’s still here.（2005年湖北卷）

a. shouldn’t b. mustn’t

c. can’t d. wouldn’t

②— isn’t that ann’s husband over there?

— no, it _______ be him i’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （2004年全国卷ⅰ）

a. can’t b. must not

c. won’t d. may not

key: c a

3. 疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could。

mr. bush is on time for everything. how ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？（2001年上海春季卷）

a. can b. should

c. may d. must

key：a

4. 对已发生事情的肯定推测常用“must, may, might等+完成式”；否定推测常用“can, could, may, might等+完成式”。

①i was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. they _______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005年重庆卷）

a. should have been doing

b. must have been doing

c. could have done

d. would have done

②he _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside. （2005年北京卷）

a. should b. must

c. wouldn’t d. can’t

③—tom is never late for work. why is be absent today?

—something ________ to him. （2005年江西卷）€;1/ *myrj0HUjU7|[本_文_来_源_于_我_的_学_习_网高考频道高考英语 http://Www.GZU521.Com ]€;1/ *myrj0HUjU7|

a. must happen

b. should have happened

c. could have happened

d. must have happened

④ my sister met him at the grand theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_____your lecture.（2000年上海卷）

a. couldn’t have attended

b. needn’t have atterded

c. mustn’t have attended

d. shouldn’t have attended

key: b b d a

二、“情态动词+完成式”

1. “should（ought to）+完成式”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。

①—i’ll tell mary about her new job tomorrow.

— you________ her last week. （2004年福建卷）

a． ought to tell

b． would have told

c． must tell

d． should have told

②oh, i’m not feeling well in the stomach, i _____ so much fried chicken just now. （2002年上海春季卷）

a. shouldn’t eat

b. mustn’t have eaten

c. shouldn’t have eaten

d. mustn’t eat

key: d c

2. “could+完成式”表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味。

he paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （2005年山东卷）

a. could b. would

c. must d. need

key：a

3. “needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事。例如： a&iQ=jRBVhdcGX& [此资料转贴于学习网高考频道高考英语 ]http://www.Gzu521.Com a&iQ=jRBVhdcGX&

you needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。

— catherine, i have cleaned the room for you.

— thanks. you ______ it. i could manage it myself. （2005年福建卷）

a. needn’t do

b. needn’t have done

c. mustn’t do

d. shouldn’t have done

key: b

三、常见的情态动词

1. shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。

①“the interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides，” declared the judge. （2004年重庆卷）

a. mayb. should

c. mustd. shall

②—excuse me, but i want to use your computer to type a report.

— you ______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. （2004年湖南卷）

a. shan’t b. might not

c. needn’t d. shouldn’t

③ — the room is so dirty. ______ we clean it?

— of course. （2003年北京春季卷）

a. will b. shall

c. would d. do

key: d a b

2. must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”；mustn’t表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。

①john, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour？（2005年全国卷ⅲ）

a. must b. can

c. may d. need

②tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this！（2005年全国卷ⅰ）

a. wouldn’t b. mustn’t

c. needn’t d. may not

key: a b

3. needn’t表示“没有必要”。

— lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

— she ______. i’ve already borrowed one. （2005年湖南卷）

a. can’t b. mustn’t

c. needn’t d. shouldn’t

key: c

4. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。

when he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（1996年上海卷）

a. would b. should

c. had better d. might KC!XJqi!qWD[-s[ 本_资_料_来_源_于_贵_州_学_习_网高考频道高考英语 Http://wwW.gzU521.coM )KC!XJqi!qWD[-s

key: a

5. 表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/were able to，而不能用could。

the fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out. （1997年全国卷）

a. had to b. would

c. was able to d. could

key：c

6. 考查情态动词用作答语的情况

①—write to me when you get home.

— _______. （2001年北京春季卷）

a. i must b. i should

c. i will d. i can

② — could i call you by your first name？

—yes, you ______. （1998年上海卷）

a. will b. could

c. may d. might

key：c c

巩固练习：

1. michael ______ be a policeman, for he is much too short.

a. needn’t b. can’t

c. should d. may

2. i told sally how to get here, but perhaps i ____ for her.

a. had to write it out

b. must have written it out

c. should have written it out

d. ought to write it out

3. jack _____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.

a. mustn’t have arrived

b. shouldn’t have arrived

c. can’t have arrived

d. needn’t have arrived^yKK_~FVe@wv+,`f,+[转贴于我的学习网高考频道高考英语 HTtp://wwW.gzU521.coM)^yKK_~FVe@wv+,`f,+

4. sir, you ______be sitting in this waiting room. it is for women and children only.

a. mustn’t b. can’t

c. won’t d. needn’t

5. a left-luggage Office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.

a. should b. can

c. must d. will

6. — is john coming by train?

— he should, but he _____ not. he likes driving his car.

a. must b. can

c. need d. may

7. it has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

a. can b. will

c. may d. shall

8. you can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.

a. might b. need

c. should d. would

9. —don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

—_______.

a. i don’t b. i won’t

c. i can’t d. i haven’t

10. i didn’t see her in the meeting-room this morning. she ______ at the meeting.

a. mustn’t have spoken

b. shouldn’t have spoken

c. needn’t have spoken

d. couldn’t have spoken

答案与解析

1. b 从第二个分句“他太矮了”可以推知说话者持否定态度，needn’t意思是“没有必要”，与语境不符。

2. c 根据句意“我已经告诉她怎样到那儿，但是或许我应该给她写下来”可知，说话者含有“后悔、遗憾”的意味，应使用“情态动词+完成式”形式，“must+完成式”表示对过去的肯定推测，“should+完成式”才表示虚拟意义。

3. c 根据第二分句“否则的话他就会给我打电话了”可知“jack肯定还没到”，“can’t+完成式”意思是“根本不可能”。

4. a 从第二分句可知，这是妇女和儿童专用候车室，因此你“不准”坐在这儿。mustn’t表示“禁止，不准”。

5. b can在此表示许可。

6. d 从后一句“他喜欢开车”可知说话者把握不大。must not不表示推测，can not的语气太绝对，意思是“根本不可能”。

7. d shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等意思。

8. c should在此表示惊讶的感情色彩，意思是“竟然”。

9. b 对祈使句的肯定回答用i will；否定回答用i won’t。

10. d 根据句意“我今天上午在会议室没见到她”，所以“她根本不可能在会上发言”。表示“根本不可能”用can’t/couldn’t have done形式。

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