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¡¡if you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building-and that could be fatal. a company in leeds could change all that__1__ directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit.
¡¡¡¡sound alert, a company__2__ the university of leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for__3__ people in sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in cumbria.__4__produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine the __5__ is coming from.
¡¡¡¡deborah withington of sound alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be __6__ by humans. "it is a burst of white noise__7__ people say sounds like static on the radio," he says. "its life-saving potential is great"
¡¡¡¡she conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large__8__ room. it__9__ them nearly our minutes to find the door__10__ a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.
¡¡¡¡withington studies how the brain__11__ sounds at the university. she says that the __12__ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. alarms__13__ on the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.
¡¡¡¡the alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up__14__ down stairs. they were__15__ with the aid of a large grant from british nuclear fuels.

1. a) without b)with c)having d)selling
2. a) run by b)changed by c) decorated by d)criticized by
3. a) slow b)deaf c)blind d)lame
4. a) alarms b) alarm c) the alarm d) the alarms
5. a) noise b) sound c) music d) bell
6. a) watched b) produced c) learnt d) heard
7. a) where b) what c) that d) how
8. a) smoked b) smoke-filled c) filled with smoke d) smoke-filling
9. a) has taken b) takes c) took d) will take
10. a) on b) near c) without d) from
11. a) processes b) produces c) possesses d) proceeds
12. a) feature b) quality c)diagram d) source
13. a) basis on b) base on c) basing on d) based on
14. a) or b) and c) but d) otherwise
15. a) developed b) determined c) discovered d) delivered

key: bacdb dcbcc addaa

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 the greatest mystery of whales

¡¡¡¡the whale is a mammal - warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. there are many signs of this. __1__ front flippers, used for steering and
stability, are traces of feet.
¡¡¡¡immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale¡¯s body is one gigantic muscle. the blue whale¡¯s pulling __2__ has been estimated at 400 horsepower. one specimen was reported to have __3__ a whaling vessel
for seven hours at the __4__ of eight knots.
¡¡¡¡an enraged whale will attack a ship. a famous __5__ of this was the fate of whaler essex, which was sunk __6__
 south america early in the last century. more recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled in the same way.
sperm whales were known to __7__ the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.
¡¡¡¡the greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. the sperm whale __8__ the bottom for his favourite food,
the octopus. __9__ he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch.
doing __10__ he will remain submerged as long as one hour. two feats are involved in this : storing up enough __11__
(all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. just __12__ he dose it scientists have not determined. it is
believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs.
and __13__ that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts
the internal pressure of his body. but __14__ you can¡¯ bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one
__15__ just how these things work.

exercise:

1. a)their b)his c)theirs d)its
2. a)strength b)width c)height d)length
3. a)eaten b)crashed c)towed d)lifted
4. a)distance b)rate c)voyage d)sail
5. a)picture b)film c)example d)book
6. a)off the coast of b)of the coast of c0away the coast of d)in the coast of
7. a)hit b)seize c)damage d)overturn
8. a)sink to b)rest on c)dive to d)hide on
9. a)in that search b)because of this c)in spite of that d)in support of this
10. a)so b)such c)above d)the same
11. a)air b)oxygen c)energy d)heat
12. a)what b)where c)how d)when
13. a)it is believed b)he believes c)we believe d)it believes
14. a)because of b)due to c)since d)owing to
15. a)communicates b)knows c)hears d)develops

key:d a c b c a b c a a b c a c b

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¡¡¡Bbefore 1933, and particularly during the period 1929-33, bank failures were not uncommon. _1_ a bank overextended itself in creating credit or if several of its important loans could not be _2_, depositors in the bank would frequently become panicky and begin to make large withdrawals. __3__ the bank had only a small number of its deposits backed by currency, the band would soon be unable to meet withdrawals, and most depositors __4__ their money. most frequently a bank merely needed time to improve its cash position by __5__ some of its loans and not making additional ones. in 1933, the number of bank failures __6__ a peak, forcing the federal government to intervene and __7__ the banks temporarily. to help restore the public¡¯s confidence __8__ banks and strengthen the banking community, congress passed legislation setting up the federal deposit insurance corporation. __9__ corporation, an agency of the federal government, now insures over 90 percent of all mutual savings and commercial bank deposits for __10__ $100,000 per deposit. the fdic has __11__ its insurance fund by charging member institutions one-twelfth of 1 percent of their total deposits.
¡¡¡¡as a result of the protection provided by the fdic and through other kinds of supervision, bank failures have been __12__ to a few isolated instances. when deposits are federally insured, people __13__ rush to withdraw their money if they __14__ the financial condition of their bank. the delay gives the banks the necessary time to adjust their cash credit balance, and this action helps to reduce the __15__ of bankruptcy. for an example of the value of the fdic, note that the failure in 1974 of the huge franklin national bank did not touch off a panic, and that depositors lost no money as franklin was taken over by another bank.

exercise:

1. a) although b) even if c) if d) because
2. a) repaid b) deposited c) found d) saved
3. a) because b) because of c) as a result d) considering
4. a) lost b) had lost c) will lose d) would lose
5. a) calling on b) calling for c) calling off d) calling in
6. a) fell from b) reached c) climbed up d) arrived
7. a) closed b) closing c) close d) has closed
8. a) to b) in c) of d) into
9. a) for the b) this c) as a d) a
10. a) up to b) as much c) as many as d) equal
11. a) built up b) build up c) been built d) build
12. a) growing b) increased c) reduced d) disappeared
13. a) no b) any more c) no longer d) not
14. a) become concerned about b) become concerned with
c) become concerned in d) concern
15. a) likely b) possibility c) possibly d) opportunity

key: caadd bcbba accab

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