前言

　　ø阅读理解出题特点： 1vSY^fI+`1)X? [ 本 资 料 来 源 于 贵 州 学 习 网 外语园地职称英语 http://Www.gzU521.com ] 1vSY^fI+`1)X?

　　以2002年和2003年卫生c阅读理解题的出题特点进行比较：

　　2002年阅读理解题：

　　natural health care * 职称英语阅读理解练习题

　　on the train

　　natural medicines

　　2003年阅读理解题：

　　what is death?

　　new foods and the new world **(2002阅读理解部分练习题)

　　giving up smoking

　　attached materials:

　　from on the train

　　主题理解---the night train from glasgow was so crowded that donald, who was on his way to london to find a temporary job for the university vacation, wished that he had decided to travel by day...

　　he got on the train and walked along the..

　　语言特点：句子结构较简单，多为简单句或简单复合句。

　　from natural medicines

　　主题理解---since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. we know this BECause humans have survived.

　　语言特点：句子结构较简单，多为简单句或简单复合句。

　　可以看出：卫生c级阅读理解考题中，所选择的文章主题基本上都与疾病健康有关，也可能涉及其他类的主题，如自然地理，社会文化等。文章中句子结构较为简单，文章主题较容易理解。通常会有1篇左右的文章是直接选择当年的职称英语用书上阅读理解部分的文章，但其文章后的问题通常会有变动。

　　ø阅读理解解题思路分析：S(@KR}z[JAQ1)'Y[ 此文转贴于我的学习网外语园地职称英语 http://www.Gzu521.com]S(@KR}z[JAQ1)'Y

　　阅读理解是职称英语考试中重点考察的对象，本部分为3篇文章，每篇300-450词，主要考察考生对文章中心和细节信息的理解能力。阅读理解也是对解题技巧的测试。做题时可行的方法是：先看文章题目(title)，然后是看文章后面的问题(problems)，最后才是文章(main body)。 在阅读文章时应该注意进行有目的的阅读：在阅读中跳过(skip over)不相关的信息(information unconcerned)，节约时间直达问题的答案。

　　在阅读中还应关注段首句：如果所要阅读的文章是议论文或说明文，则段首句往往是主题句 -- 该段论述/说明中心，因此主题句有助于迅速的查找问题答案。

　　对于文章后面的问题：有关细节方面的问题的设置基本上是按照文章的发展顺序，即：通常第二题答案的位置通常在第一题答案所在位置的后面，所以如果第一题答案在第一段，则第二题答案可能在第二段或第三段中;所以可按照问题设置的顺序在对应的相关段进行答案查找。同时对于有关文章主题方面的问题，可以放在最后来处理，或借助文章的开头，结尾，及文章各段的段首句综合加以判断。

　　在寻找答案时可以采用通过所问问题中的关键词(题干中核心结构中(主语/谓语/宾语)的用词和修饰语(起修饰作用的形容词/副词))和/或特征词(题干中出现的时间，数字，人名，地名等容易在文章中进行查找和确认的词汇/结构)进行答案的查找。

　　快速而正确地解读阅读理解的主要关键在于：1. 准确而迅速地读懂文章后面的问题，尤其问题的含意是肯定还是否定的，一定要弄清楚; 2. 解读阅读理解答案位置的快速确定;3. 在选择答案时排除法的运用;4.识别答案陷阱;

　　ø本讲教学目的：

　　通过具体例题的分析讲解，向考生介绍有效的阅读理解题的解题方法，同时借助文章进行英语语法和词汇的复习。

　　ø例题讲解：

　　下面有2篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　passage 1

　　giving up smoking

　　a number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. the nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. nicotine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.

　　the benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoking and easily admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. in a 1988 report, the u.s. surgeon general declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine(可卡因) , alcohol, or heroin. recent evidence supports this claim.

　　the united states government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. the rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. in other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in switzerland to 85 percent in denmark.

　　in the united states, the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warming on cigarette packages by the federal trade commission. this warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read:“warning: the surgeon general has determined that cigarette smoking is dangerouis to your health.”in 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces.

　　1.which of the following can help a person quit smoking?
　　a.using nicotine patches.
　　b.reading cigarette advertisements.
　　c.chewing ordinary gum.
　　d.participating in social activities.

　　2.nicotine gum is used to help a smoker
　　a.stop smoking
　　b.reduce weight.
　　c.clean his teeth.
　　d.absorb nicotine immediately.

　　3. the benefits of giving up smoking include all the following except
　　a.the reduction of expenses.
　　b.the formation of a good habit.
　　c.the reduction of harm to one’s health.
　　d.easier access to institutions that ban smoking.

　　4.which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful?
　　a.consuming alcohol.
　　b.using heroin.
　　c.smoking cigarettes.
　　d.taking cocaine.

　　5. which of the following is not mentioned as a step to control smoking?
　　a.collecting a special tax on cigarettes.
　　b.forbidding smoking in all public places.
　　c.banning cigarette advertising from radio and tv.
　　d.requiring a warning on each cigarette package.

　　ø答案与解析：

　　1.利用文章标题抓住文章中心giving up smoking --放弃吸烟

　　2.直接看问题解题。

　　1.which of the following can help a person quit smoking?

　　a.using nicotine patches(片).

　　b.reading cigarette advertisements. *

　　c.chewing ordinary gum. *

　　d.participating in social activities.