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现在完成时及其考点 @t2a0h,s]/=&~]5' [ 本 资 料 来 源 于 贵 州 学 习 网 外语园地英语学习 http://Www.gzU521.com ] @t2a0h,s]/=&~]5' 考点一：考查基本概念 例 both his parents look sad . maybe they _________what’s happened to him .（呼和浩特） ａ. knew ｂ. have known ｃ. must know ｄ.will know 简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是ｂ。 考点二：考查时间状语 例1. he has _______ been to shanghai , has he ? ａ. already ｂ.never ｃ.ever ｄ. still 例2. have you met mr li ______？ ａ. just ｂ. ago ｃ.before ｄ. a moment ago 例3. the famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year . ａ. is writing ｂ.was writing ｃ.wrote ｄ.has written 例4.—our country ______ a lot so far . —yes . i hope it will be even ______ . ａ. has changed ; well ｂ. changed ; good ｃ. has changed ; better ｄ. changed ; better 例5. zhao lan ______already ______in this school for two years . ａ. was ; studying ｂ. will ; study ｃ. has ; studied ｄ. are ; studying 例6. we ______ xiao li since she was a little girl .WP�wwfWeN6~=tMA|?w[ 此文转贴于我的学习网外语园地英语学习 http://www.Gzu521.com]WP�wwfWeN6~=tMA|?w ａ. know ｂ. had known ｃ. have known ｄ. knew 例7. harry potter is a very nice film .i_______ it twice . ａ. will see ｂ. have seen ｃ. saw ｄ.see 简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类： ⑴现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故例1应选b；例2应选c。 ⑵现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故例3应选d，例4应选c。 ⑶现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故例5应选c，例6应选c。 ⑷现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例7应选b。 考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别 例1. —these farmers have been to the united states . —really ? when _____ there ? ａ. will they go ｂ. did they go ｃ. do they go ｄ. have they gone 例2.—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —yes . i _____ it a moment ago . ａ. did ; do ; finished ｂ. have ; done ; finished ｃ. have ; done ; have finished ｄ. will ; do ; finish 简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故例１、２的正确答案皆为b。 考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法 例1. his father ______ the party since 1978 . ａ. joined ｂ. has joined ｃ. was in ｄ. has been in 例2.—do you know him well ? — sure .we _________ friends since ten years ago . ａ. were ｂ. have been ｃ. have BECome ｄ. have made 例3.—how long have you ____ here ? —about two months . ａ. been ｂ. gone ｃ. come ｄ. arrived 例4. hurry up! the play __________ for ten minutes . ａ. has begun ｂ. had begun ｃ. has been on ｄ. beganEJ+I@ gLocde s'fNz[本_文_来_源_于_我_的_学_习_网外语园地英语学习 http://Www.GZU521.Com ]EJ+I@ gLocde s'fNz 例5. his uncle died two years ago .（改变句子，句意不变） his uncle has _______ for two years 例6. her mother has been a party member for three years .（同义句） her mother _______ the party three years ________ . 例7. it _____ ten years since he left the army . ａ. is ｂ. has ｃ. will ｄ. was 简析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下： close—→be closed, put on→wear , open—→be open get up—→be up, finish/end—→be over , lose—→be lost , marry—→be married(to), fall asleep/ go to sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) , get to know—→ know come/arrive—→be here/in , come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away , become —→be , borrow —→keep , buy—→have , begin/start—→be on , die—→be dead , join—→be in/be a ember of．．． , catch a cold—→ have a cold等， 故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为：d、b、a、c。例5应填been dead 。其次，可以用相应的延续性动词的过去时表示，故例6应填joined；ago。再次，还可用“it is + 一段时间＋since从句”来表示，故例７应选a。 考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别 例1. miss green isn’t in the Office . she_______ to the library . ａ.has gone ｂ. went ｃ.will go ｄ. has been 例2. my parents ______ shandong for ten years . ａ. have been in ｂ. have been to ｃ. have gone to ｄ.have been 简析：“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故例1、2的正确答案皆为a。 |
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