序号	功用	词类	位置用法	例词/例句
1	定语	形容词	在中心词前	he’s a small japanese boy.
		副词	在中心词后	i’ve got used to the life here.
2	状语	形容词	句首/中，表原因/时间 句末/中，表伴随/结果	tired and thirsty, we stopped to have a rest. he lay in bed, awake.
		副词	在被修饰词前、后修饰全句，位置灵活	you are quite right. sometimes he goes to school on foot.
3	表语	形容词 副词	系动词后	he is tired. they are out.
4	补语	形容词	作主补在谓语后 作宾补在宾语后	the little boy was found dead. he find it very useful.
		副词	作主补在谓语后 作宾补在宾语后	she was seen out. let me show you out.

规   则   变   化	构  成		形  式
			原级	比较级		最高级
	单音节词和少数以-er, -ow, -le, -y结尾的双音节词	一般	tall	加-er	taller	加-est	tallest
		以不发音e结尾	noble	加-r	nobler	加-st	noblest
		以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节	wet big	双写最后辅音字母再加-er	wetter bigger	双写最后辅音字母再加-est	wettest biggest
		辅音字母加-y结尾的词	easy heavy	改y为i再加-er	easier heavier	改y为i再加-est	easiest heaviest
	多音节词，多数双音节词及部分加-ly等变来或由分词变来的词		delicious slowly tired tiresome	词前加more	more delicious more slowly more tired more tiresome	词前加most	most delicious most slowly most tired most tiresome
不   规   则   变   化			good well	better		best
			bad/ill badly	worse		worst
			many much	more		most
			little	less		least
			old	elder		eldest
				older		oldest
			far	farther		farthest
				further		furthest
			late	later		latest
				latter		last

类别	用法及意义	句型结构	例句
原级	没有比较	very / so / quite / too, etc. +原级	it was very warm yesterday.
	二者比较程度相同	as+原级+as+比较对象	you are as clever as mike.
	一方是另一方的几倍	...times as+原级+as+比较对象	this bridge is five times as long as that one.
	二者比，程度不同	...not as+原级+as+比较对象	you are not as tall as he.
	二者比，前者不如后者	...not so+原级+as+比较对象	math isn’t so hard as physics.
比   较   级	二者比，一方比另一方更…	比较级+than...	you’re younger than tom.
	二者比，a比b…得多，	much / a lot /a little,  rather, a great deal	it’s much hotter today than it was yesterday.
	a比b甚至还要…/一点	a bit/far/even/still/a little, etc.+比较级+than	he’s still stronger than jack. he’s far older than you.
	表“越来越…”	比较级+and+同一比较级	she’s getting fatter and fatter.
	表“越…就越…”	the+比较级+…， the+比较级+…，	the more you ask, the more you’ll understand.
	a比b（高，长…）多少倍	...times+比较级+than	this line is four times longer than that one.
	在二者中哪个是更…的那个	which / who is the+比较级+of the two?	who is the taller of the twins?
	哪个更…，a还是b？	which/who+谓+比较级，a or b?	who runs faster, lily or mary?
	表“越来越…”	比较级and+另一比较级+than+…	he’s getting healthier and stronger than his brother.
	表“比…更少”或“不如…”	less+原级或名词+than	tom made less mistakes than jack. this story is less interesting than that one. she’s less rich than he.
	表“与其说”，“不如…”，“不止…”	more+原级+than	she is more hard-working than clever.
		more+名词+than	mr.smith is more an artist than a teacher.
		more+than+原级/名词	she’s more than a teacher. she’s more than tired.
	表“并不比某某…”或“与某某一样不…”	no+比较级+than…	she’s no taller than you.
最高级	三者或三者以上比较“某某最…”	(the)+最高级+of+复数名词	he runs fastest of the boys.
	在某区域的“最…”	(the)+最高级+in+单数集体名词或地点	he is the tallest in his class.
	“在三者或三者以上当中最…之一”	one of the+最高级+复数名词+…	she’s one of the best students in this class.
	“第几大/长…”	the+序数词+最高级(+名词)+in+区域	it is the second longest river in the world.
	“三者以上当中谁/哪个最…”	which/who+谓语+（the）最高级，a、b、c or d?	who jumps highest, tom,jack or smith?