the reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument

　　(a) takes the views of one lawyer to represent the views of all lawyers

　　(b) criticizes the lawyer rather than the lawyer's statement

　　(c) presumes that the lawyer is qualified to evaluate the performance of an actor

　　(d) focuses on a famous actor's portrayal of a lawyer rather than on the usual way in which lawyers are portrayed on television

　　(e) ignores the part of the lawyer's remark that indicates an awareness of the difference between reality and fiction

　　42. for next year, the chef's union has requested a 10 percent salary increase for each of its members, whereas the hotel managers' union has requested only an 8 percent salary increase for each of its members. these facts demonstrate that the average dollar amount of the raises that the chefs' union has requested for next year is greater than that of the raises requested by the hotel managers' union.

　　which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

　　(a) the chefs' union has many more members than does the hotel managers' union.

　　(b) the chefs' union is a more powerful union than is the hotel managers' union and is therefore more likely to obtain the salary increases it requests

　　(c) the current salaries of the members of the chefs' union are, on average, higher than the current salaries of the members of the hotel managers' union

　　(d) the average dollar amount of the raises that the members of the chefs' union received last ear was equal to the average dollar amount of the raises that the members of the hotel managers' union received

　　(e) the members of the chefs' union received salary increases of 10 percent in each of the last two years, while the members of the hotel managers' union received salary increases of only 8 percent in each of the last two years

　　43. zoos have served both as educational resources and as entertainment. unfortunately, removing animals from their natural habitats to stock the earliest zoos reduced certain species' populations, endangering their survival. today most new zoo animals are obtained from captive breeding programs, and many zoos now maintain breeding stocks for continued propagation of <i>var</i>ious species. this makes possible efforts to reestablish endangered species in the wild.

　　which one of the following statements is most strongly supported by the information above?

　　(a) zoos have played an essential role in educating the public about endangered species.

　　(b) some specimens of endangered species are born and bred in zoos.

　　(c) no zoos exploit wild animals or endanger the survival of species.

　　(d) nearly all of the animals in zoos today were born in captivity.

　　(e) the main purpose of zoos has shifted from entertainment to education.

　　44. legal theorist: it is unreasonable to incarcerate anyone for any other reason than that he or she is a serious threat to the property or lives of other people. the breaking of a law does not justify incarceration, for lawbreaking proceeds either from ignorance of the law or of the effects of one's actions, or from the free choice of the lawbreaker. obviously mere ignorance cannot justify incarcerating a lawbreaker, and even free choice on the part of the lawbreaker fails to justify incarceration, for free choice proceeds from the desires of an agent, and the desires of an agent are products of genetics and environmental conditioning, neither of which is controlled by the agent